Excel 财务报表模板填充

When to Use

Fill ERP financial data (资产负债表, 利润表, 现金流量表) into official tax bureau Excel templates (.xls/.xlsx) while preserving all formatting, formulas, colors, locked cells, and cell protection.

Triggered when user asks to:

• Fill in financial statements from ERP export
• Populate tax reporting templates
• Transfer data from ERP to official forms
• Fill Excel templates without breaking formulas or formatting

Core Workflow

Step 1 — Convert .xls to .xlsx first

If template is .xls (BIFF format), convert using Excel COM:

$excel = New-Object -ComObject Excel.Application
$excel.Visible = $false; $excel.DisplayAlerts = $false
$wb = $excel.Workbooks.Open("C:\path\to\template.xls")
$wb.SaveAs("C:\path\to\template.xlsx", 51)  # 51 = xlOpenXMLWorkbook
$wb.Close($false); $excel.Quit()

⚠️ Do NOT use xlutils for format-preserving operations on BIFF files.

Step 2 — Unpack xlsx

python scripts/xlsx_unpack.py input.xlsx /tmp/xlsx_work/

Step 3 — Read ERP data

Use xlrd to read ERP export files:

• 资产负债表: left cols 0-3 (资产), right cols 4-7 (负债)
• 利润表: col1=行次, col3=本期, col4=本年累计
• 现金流量表: col0=名称, col3=本期, col4=本年累计

See references/erp-row-maps.md for ERP row → template row mapping.

Step 4 — Edit XML directly

Key principle: Only modify <v> values, never touch <f> (formulas) or s= (styles).

Pattern for numeric cells:

<!-- Before -->
<c r="D7" s="34">
  <v>0</v>
</c>

<!-- After (replace only <v>) -->
<c r="D7" s="34">
  <v>1638.81</v>
</c>

Pattern for formula cells (update cached value only):

<!-- Before -->
<c r="D21" s="40">
  <f>ROUND(D7+D8+D9+D10+D11+D12+D13+D14+D15+D20,2)</f>
  <v>0</v>
</c>

<!-- After (keep <f>, update <v>) -->
<c r="D21" s="40">
  <f>ROUND(D7+D8+D9+D10+D11+D12+D13+D14+D15+D20,2)</f>
  <v>5012140.22</v>
</c>

Step 5 — Remove calcChain and repack

Delete xl/calcChain.xml (forces Excel to recalculate all formulas on open):

rm /tmp/xlsx_work/xl/calcChain.xml
python scripts/xlsx_pack.py /tmp/xlsx_work/ output.xlsx

Key Rules

1. Never use openpyxl load_workbook() + save() on existing files — it corrupts VBA, pivot tables, sparklines, and theme colors
2. Always delete calcChain.xml after editing formulas or cached values
3. Never change s= attribute (style index) or r= attribute (cell reference)
4. Only modify <v> tags — everything else is untouched

References

• ERP row mapping: references/erp-row-maps.md
• XML edit patterns: references/xlsx-edit-guide.md
• xlsx unpack/pack scripts: use from minimax-xlsx skill (copy to scripts/)

Source Scripts